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PH buffers are unique solutions used to stop significant variations in pH levels. All pH levels have specific buffer capacity and buffer range. The capacity of specific pH buffers refers to the level … read more

In analytical chemistry, the term sample preparation refers to the manner in which a sample is treated before analysis. Sample preparation is a critical step in many analytical methods as often analyt … read more

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry is a form of mass spectrometry that employs inductively coupled plasma to ionize a sample. It atomizes the sample and forms atomic and small polyatom … read more

Water testing regulations—though stringent—have historically lacked an element of precision. In the past, it was sufficient to evaluate the color of water and wastewater according to a grading known a … read more

Ion chromatography (IC) is a technique in which ions are separated based on their interactions with a resin and an eluent (known as the stationary and mobile phase respectively). These phases change b … read more